Sikap Mahasiswa terhadap Teman Sebaya Berkebutuhan Khusus pada Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25170/manasa.v11i1.3372Keywords:
attitudes, person with disability, higher education, inclusive, college studentAbstract
This study is aimed to see the attitude towards person with disabilities of college students in Indonesia. Currently, the implementation of inclusive education has spread to the higher educational level. However, not all universities are ready to accept the presence of person with disabilities as campus residents. Various studies show different results regarding attitudes towards person with disabilities. This study used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The questionnaire used were Multidimensional Attitudes toward Person with Disabilities (MAS). Analysis of attitude towards person with disabilities is seen as a single variable in this descriptive study. Participants in this study were college students in vocational or undergraduate program in Indonesia. The participants used in the data analysis were 530 people. The results showed that the attitude towards disabilities in Indonesia college students have positive attitudes (M1 = 3.36, M2 = 3.24, M3 = 3.63, M4 = 3.27). All components of the attitude shown by all respondents showed positive results. It is expected that college students show a positive attitude both cognitively, emotionally, and behaviorally, and can accept persons with disabilities as part of the campus community and minimize discrimination that occurs in the campus area against persons with disabilities.
References
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Alqarni, T., Algethami, R., Alsolmi, A., & Adhabi, E. (2019). College Students' Knowledge and Attitudes toward the Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in the University. 10.5923/j.edu.20190901.02.
Andini, D. W, Rezkita, S. & Sumiyati, Y. (2019). The Acceptance of Disabled Students in Higher Education. In D. S. Setiana, A. Setiawan, D. Supriadi, K. H. Najib, T. Ardhian, N. A. Handoyono, I. Widyastuti, & L. Tiasari (Eds.), International Conference on Technology, Education and Science (pp. 66–70). Yogyakarta
Ajisuksmo, C. R. P. (2017). Practices and Challenges of Inclusive Education in Indonesian Higher Education. 25th ASEACCU Conference on “Catholic Educational Institutions and Inclusive Education: Transforming Spaces, Promoting Practices, and Changing Minds”. Assumption University of Thailand, Bangkok August, 21–27.
Al-Kandari, H. Y. (2015). High school students' contact with and attitudes towards persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Kuwait. Australian Social Work, 68(1), 65-83. 10.1080/0312407X.2014.946429
Alzyoudi, M., Opoku, M.P., & Moustafa, A. (2021) Inclusive Higher Education in United Arab Emirates: Will Perceived Knowledge of Inclusion Impact Positively on University Students’ Attitudes Towards Learning with Peers with Disabilities? Front. Educ. 6, 793086
Armstrong, M., Morris, C., Abraham, C., Ukoumunne, O. C., & Tarrant, M. (2016). Children’s contact with people with disabilities and their attitudes towards disability: a cross-sectional study, Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(9), 879-888, DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.107472
Barida, M., Rofiah, N. H., & Fitrianawati, M. (2020). Acceptability of students with disabilities in higher education: Towards inclusive education at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Indonesia. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 5(2), 151-158
Barr, J. J., & Bracchitta, K. (2012). Attitudes Toward Individuals with Disabilities: The Effects of Age, Gender, and Relationship. Journal of Relationships Research, 3, pp 10-17 doi:10.1017/jrr.2012.1
Bossaert, G. Colpin, H., Pijl, S. J., & Petry, K. (2011). The attitudes of Belgian adolescents towards peers with disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(2), 504-509
De Boer, A., Pijl, S. J., & Minnaert, A. (2012). Students’ Attitudes towards Peers with Disabilities: A review of the literature. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 59(4), 379-392
Ellery, T. (2019). Belonging as a Pathway to Inclusive: An Inquiry into Supporting Inclusive Practice in Secondary Schools. Kairaranga. 20, 2
Garrotte, A., Felder, F., Krähenmann, H., Schnepel, S., Sermier-Dessemontet, R., & Moser-Opitz, E. (2020). Social Acceptance in Inclusive Classrooms: The Role of Teacher Attitudes Toward Inclusion and Classroom Management. Front. Educ. 5:582873. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2020.582873
Hariyadi, D. (2017). Kasus Bullying Mahasiswa Difabel, Gunadarma Bakal Disomasi. Diakses dari https://nasional.tempo.co/read/892515/kasus-bullying-mahasiswa-difabel-gunadarma-bakal-disomasi/full&view=ok
Jauhari, A. (2017). Pendidikan Inklusif Sebagai Alternatif Solusi Mengatasi Permasalahan Sosial Anak Penyandang Disabilitas. Ijtimaiya, 1, 1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/ji.v1i1.3099
Kaur, S. (2017). Sample Size Determination (For Descriptive Studies). International Journal of Current Research, 9(3), 48365-48367
Leatherman, J. M., & Niemeyer, J. A. (2005). Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Inclusion: Factors Influencing Classroom Practice, Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 26(1), 23-36. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1090102059091897
Levyadi, J. (2021). Hubungan Identitas Moral dan Sikap terhadap Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus pada Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Skripsi. Universitas Indonesia, Depok.
Mahat, M. (2008). The development of a psychometrically-sound instrument to measure teachers' multidimensional attitudes toward inclusive education. International Journal of Special Education. 23, 82-92.
Mangunsong, F. (2009). Psikologi dan Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus jilid pertama. Depok: LPSP3
Meyers, S., & Lester, D. (2016). An Attempt to Change College Students’ Attitudes Toward Individuals with Disabilities, Comprehensive Psychology, 5, 1–7
Mirnawati, A. (2020). Social Participation of Deaf Students within Inclusive Higher Education. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. 11, 6.
Mokaleng, M. (2019). Factors Affecting the Implementation of Inclusive Education Practices In Selected Secondary Schools In the Omaheke Region
Muhibbin, M. A. (2021). Tantangan Dan Strategi Pendidikan Inklusi Di Perguruan Tinggi Di Indonesia: Literature Review, Jurnal Pendidikan Inklusi, 4(2), 92-102
Nieminen, J. H., & Pesonen, H. V. (2021): Politicising inclusive learning environments: how to foster belonging and challenge ableism?, Higher Education Research & Development, DOI: 10.1080/07294360.2021.1945547
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2009). Human Development 11th Ed. NY: McGraw-Hill
Peebles, J., & Mendagio, S. (2014). Preparing teachers for inclusive classrooms: Introducing the individual direct experience approach. LEARNing Landscapes, 7(2), 245-257.
Pesonen, H. (2016). Sense of belonging for students with intensive special education needs: An exploration of students’ belonging and teachers’ role in implementing support. Makalah Presentasi Diskusi Publik dengan izin Faculty of Behavioural Sciences dari Universitas Helsinki, Auditorium 107, Siltavuorenpenger 3 A, Helsinki
Pratiwi, J. C. (2015). Sekolah Inklusi untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus: Tanggapan Terhadap Tantangan Kedepannya. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Uns & Ispi Jawa Tengah 2015, 237-242
Pratkanis, R.A. (1989). Attitude, Structure, and Function. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Republik Indonesia. (2009). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 70 Tahun 2009 tentang Pendidikan Inklusif bagi Peserta Didik yang Memiliki Kelainan dan Memiliki Potensi Kecerdasan dan/atau Bakat Istimewa
Republik Indonesia. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi Republik Indonesia Nomor 46 Tahun 2017 tentang Pendidikan Khusus dan Pendidikan Layanan Khusus di Perguruan Tinggi
Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia 1945.
Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia
Sarkar, R. (2016). Inclusive University: A Way Out to Ensure Quality, Equity, And Accessibility for Students with Disabilities in Higher Education. International Journal of Advanced Research, 4(4), 406-412
Sarwono, S. W., & Meinarno, E. A. (2009). Psikologi Sosial. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Humanika
Sastradiharja, E. E. J., MS, F., & Sutarya, M. (2020). Pendidikan Inklusi di Perguruan Tinggi: Studi Pada Pusat Kajian dan Layanan Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Politeknik Negeri Jakarta. Alim: Journal of Islamic Education. 2(1), 101-118
Septiana, F. I., & Effendi, Z. R. (2017). Mewujudkan Akses Pendidikan Tinggi Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas (Studi Literatur Peraturan Menteri Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi Nomor 46 Tahun 2017 tentang Pendidikan Khusus dan Pendidikan Layanan khusus di Perguruan Tinggi)
Sniatecki, J. L., Perry, H. B., & Snell, L. H. (2015). Faculty Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding College Students with Disabilities. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 28(3), 259-275
Tarsidi, D. (2012). Disabilitas dan Pendidikan Inklusif pada Jenjang Pendidikan Tinggi. Jassi Anakku, 11, 2
Tsaqif, A. (2020). Tindakan Diskriminatif yang Masih Saja Menimpa Penyandang Disabilitas di Kampus. Diakses dari https://kumparan.com/adien-tsaqif/tindakan-diskriminatif-yang-masih-saja-menimpa-penyandang-disabilitas-di-kampus-1u4nGVkMPQP/full
Turchetta, L. W., & Ryan, V. (2021). College Students’ Knowledge of and Openness to Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Developmental Disabilities Network Journal, 2(1), 86-100
Udhiyanasari K. Y., Prystiananta, N. C., & Syamsiyah, S. F. (2022). Peningkatan Minat Belajar Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Melalui Pembelajaran Daring di Universitas PGRI Argopuro Jember. Speed: Journal of Education, 5(2)
UNESCO (1994). The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action in Special Needs Education
United Nations. (2015). Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Yusuf, M. (2015). Pendidikan Inklusif di Perguruan Tinggi: Antara Peluang dan Tantangan. Jurnal Islamika, 15(2), 163–172
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